Trans-intrauterine contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can be an effective approach for the diagnosis of vesicouterine fistula (VUF), especially for patients with fistulas flowing unidirectionally from the uterine cavity
Background: Vesicouterine fistula (VUF) is a rare complication after cesarean section.It is challenging to diagnose VUF correctly.Case presentation: A 34-year-old woman complained of recurrent hematuria and urinary tract infection for more than 4 years after cesarean delivery, mostly during menstruation, without vaginal leakage and with a normal me